Educational Resources

What constitutes doping?

Is considered Doping as the occurrence of one or more anti-doping rule violations. Currently, there are 11 rules, that specify the circumstances that constitute a rule violation.

Is the responsibility of pole athletes as well as the athlete support personnel (Family members, partners, coach, medics, physiotherapist), to know what constitutes an anti-doping rule violation, as well as the prohibited substances and methods included in the prohibited list.

The 11 rules are:

Strict Liability

What does ‘Strict Liability’ mean?

  • The principle of strict liability applies to all athletes who compete in any sport with an anti-doping program. It means that athletes are responsible for any prohibited substance, or its metabolites or markers found to be present in their urine and/or blood sample collected during doping control, regardless of whether the athlete intentionally or unintentionally used a prohibited substance or method. Therefore, it is important to remember that it is each and every athlete’s ultimate responsibility to know what enters their body.
  • The rule which provides that principle, under Code Article 2.1 and Article 2.2, states that it is not necessary that intent, fault, negligence, or knowing use on the athlete’s part be demonstrated by the Anti-Doping Organization to establish an anti-doping rule violation.

Whereabouts

What are testing pools and why are whereabouts important for clean sport?

Out-of-competition testing with no-advance notice is one of the most powerful means of deterrence and detection of doping. To support this type of testing, the IPSF has created testing pools as part of its testing program. In the mean to long term, certain athletes will be part of the IPSF’s Registered Testing Pool (RTP) and will be required to provide information on their whereabouts in ADAMS, WADA’s online anti-doping administration and management system. From 2025, the IPSF will create a pool that will include Target Testing Athletes based on the following criteria:

  • Athletes from countries who have large teams, and large competitions. These competitions usually make it more difficult for an athlete to go and represent their country at the World Championships, thus meaning a higher competitive spirit, and thus encouraging doping amongst those athletes who may not have qualified before to enable them to replace the incumbents.
  • Athletes from countries where the qualifying scores are identified to be particularly high. The IPSF judging system is standardized, and while there will most certainly be overlap between this group and the first group, we also believe that strangely high scoring countries should be investigated. This can be further filtered into the focus of out-of-competition testing – those athletes qualifying with very high scores, but then achieving low scores at the World Championships would be higher on the priority list for out-of-competition testing in order to determine whether doping had any role in their high qualifying score.
  • Athletes who qualify for their third (or more) consecutive World Championships – the pressure to remain at this level definitely takes a toll on the body, and thus the allure of doping may be higher amongst these athletes.
  • Athletes who compete regularly meaning athletes that has been compeeting in two consecutive editions of the World Pole & Aerial Championships and have been part of the podium, the pressure to remain at this level might increase the risk of use of banned substance.
  • Athletes in receipt of public funding
  • Athletes serving a period of Ineligibility or a Provisional Suspension
  • Athletes who were high priority for Testing before they retired from the sport and who now wish to return from retirement to active participation in the sport
  • Repeated failure to meet whereabouts requirements
  • Association with a third party (such as a team-mate, coach or doctor) with a history of involvement in doping
  • Reliable information from a third party, or intelligence developed by or shared with the Anti-Doping Organization

Aditionally, testing by Random Selection has been taking place since 2022 and will continue, since it can play an important deterrent role, as well as helping to protect the integrity of the sport. This pool will not be considered a RTP, but is the first step in the procees of having a more efficient anti-doping program.

How do athletes know they need to provide whereabouts?

All athletes will be informed in the mid to long term about the creation of a RTP by the IPSF. Those athletes included in the RTP will need to provide whereabouts in ADAMS and will be notified by the IPSF of their inclusion in a testing pool as well as what information exactly is required of them, how to use ADAMS, deadlines to submit this information and any consequences if the information required is not submitted.

What do RTP/TP athletes need to know?

Currently, the IPSF will work on education for athletes, athlete support personnel and coaches on RTP and whereabouts.

Consequences of doping in pole sport

The misuse of drugs can be harmful and dangerous to an athlete’s health and to other athletes competing in the sport. It affects greatly the integrity, image, and value of sport, whether the motivation to use drugs is to improve performance or not.

“To achieve integrity and fairness in sport, a commitment to clean sport is critical.”

Doping also has severe health consequences and has social, financial and even legal consequences. For an athlete, doping could mean the end of their sporting career, reputation and prospects in and out of sport.

  • The sanctions for an Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV) can include:

    • Provisional Suspension. The athlete or other person is temporarily banned from participating in any competition or activity while waiting for the results management process to be complete or until the final decision is rendered.
    • The athlete or other person is not allowed to compete or participate in any other activity, such as training, coaching, or even access to funding. This period of ineligibility can be as long as 4 years or even life depending on the circumstances.
    • Disqualification of results. The athlete’s results during a particular period, competition or event are invalidated.
    • Public Disclosure. The IPSF or the National Anti-Doping Organization (NADO) informs the general public of the Anti-Doping Rule Violation
  • The health consequences to an athlete can include:

    • Physical health. Doping products may have negative side effects on health depending on the substance, the dosage and the consumption frequency.
    • Psychological health. Some doping substances may have an impact on the athlete’s mental health. Anxiety, obsessive compulsive disorders or psychosis are direct consequences from doping.
  • Some of social consequences of doping include:

    • Damage to reputation and image. This can be permanent with media attention, furthermore, future clean performances can be met with skepticism.
    • Damage to future career prospects.
    • Isolation from peers and sport.
    • Damaged relationships with friends and family.
    • Effects on emotional and psychological well-being.
    • Loss of standing, fame, respect and credibility.
  • The financial consequences of doping can include:

    • Fines that IPSF may have. Including costs associated with an Anti-Doping Rule Violation (ADRV).
    • Loss of income/financial support, such as government funding, other forms of financial support and by not participating in the competitions. Furthermore, loss of financial support due to withdrawal of sponsor.
    • Requirement to reimburse sponsor, if included in the contract.
    • Reimbursement of prize money.
    • Impact of damaged reputation on future career prospects.

Testing procedures

The aim of testing is to protect clean athletes through the detection and deterrence of doping.

Any athlete under the testing jurisdiction of the IPSF may be tested at any time, with no advance notice, in- or out-of-competition, and be required to provide a urine sample.

Sample Collection Process:

  • During the World Pole & Aerial Championship, an athlete can be selected for testing at any time in the venue.

  • A Doping Control Officer (DCO) or chaperone will notify the athlete of their selection and outline their rights and responsibilities.

  • The athlete should report to the doping control station immediately after being notified. The DCO may allow a delay in reporting for a valid reason.

  • The athlete is given a choice of individually sealed sample collection vessels and kits to choose from.

  • They must inspect the equipment and verify the sample code numbers.

    • Providing the sample: The athlete will be asked to provide the sample under the direct observation of a DCO or witnessing chaperone of the same gender.
    • Volume: A minimum 90mL is required for urine samples. If the first sample is not 90mL, the athlete may be asked to wait and provide an additional sample.
    • Splitting the sample: The athlete will split their sample into A and B bottles.
    • Sealing the samples: The athlete will seal the A and B bottles in accordance with the DCO’s instructions.
    • Measuring specific gravity: The DCO will measure the specific gravity of the sample to ensure it is not too dilute to analyze. If it is too dilute, the athlete may be asked to provide additional samples.

Athlete's rights during the sample collection process

  • The athlete has the right to see the identification of the Doping Control Officer (DCO).

  • The athlete has the right to request additional information about the sample collection process, about the authority under which the sample collection will be carried out, and about the type of sample collected. 

  • The athlete has the right to hydrate.

  • The athlete has the right to be accompanied by a repreentative and, if available, an interpreter.

  • The athlete has the right to request a delay in reporting to the doping contrl station for valid reasons.

  • The athlete has the right to request modificationsfor an impairment that they may have.

  • The athlete has the right to be informed of their rights and responsibilites.

  • The athlete has the right to receive a copy of the records of the process.

  • The athlete has the right to further protections if they are classified as a "protected person" due to their age or lacj of legal capacity.

  • Requires and attend the B sample analysis (in the case of an Adverse Analytical Finding)

Further information

For further information, please check the following video: World Anti-Doping Agency - The Doping Control Process for Athletes (youtube.com)

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